The fourth dimension is a place you can travel to by going in a direction perpendicular to the third dimension. To the untrained eye, this statement makes absolutely no sense. How could there be a direction that is perpendicular to a three-dimensional space? In order to better understand this concept, we have to slowly work our way through all of the dimensions and analyze what changes are being made between each.
Fourth Dimension
When we bring the cube into the fourth dimension, we begin to experience some counterintuitive math. We extrude the cube in a direction perpendicular to all of the first three. This is impossible within the third dimension because there are only 3 dimensions which the cube is already expanded in. When we add the fourth dimension, in order to maintain the properties of the cube of all angles being 90 degrees and all sides being the same, we must extrude in this new dimension.
Cubes in the fourth dimensions are technically called tesseracts. Objects in 4D differ in length, width, height, and trength. Superimposing trength on any of the previous dimensions gives an object in the subsequent dimensions a trength of 0, or a value that is infinitely small.
All of the edges of a tesseract are the same, and all of the angles are right. This makes sense in theory, but when we begin to imagine what a tesseract would look like, we are bound by our 3-dimensional minds. To view a tesseract, we have to superimpose this fourth-dimensional object into the third dimension.
Full Article : https://interestingengineering.com/understanding-fourth-dimension-3d-perspective
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